(28) ‘Between Past and Future’, TLS, 17 November 1961, pp.813-814。關於把評論者鑑定為Deutscher,參閱Haslam的The Vices of Integrity,第204-205頁。
(29) Carr to Issac Deutscher, 17 December 1963.
(30) E.H.Carr, From Napoleon to Stalin (London, 1980) pp.262-263.
(31) W.H.Walsh, in English Historical Review, July 1964 (clipping in Carr papers, Box 28); see also idem, An Introduction to Philosophy of History (3rd edn.,London, 1967).
(32) A.J.P.Taylor, ‘Moving with the Times’, The Observer, 22 October 1961.
(33) Geoffrey Barraclough, ‘Historical Pessimism’, Guardian, 20 October 1961.
(34) What is History? pp.100-102.
(35) John Carr, ‘Foreword’, Cox (ed.), E.H.Carr, p.ix.
(36) Woodward to Carr, 9 May 1961.
(37) What is History? p.117.
(38) J.D.Legge (Monash University),這個評論被卡爾剪下驾在文章上。
(39) Isaiah Berlin, ‘Mr Carr’s Big Battalions’.
(40) H.R.Trevor-Roper, ‘E.H.Carr’s Success Story’, Encounter, May 1962, pp.69-77, esp. pp.75-76.
(41) Mehta, Fly and the Fly-Bottle, p.117.
(42) April Carter, ‘What is History?’, in Peace News, 8 December 1961, p.8.
(43) 見Taylor的Moving with the Times。Kulaks就是所謂的富裕農民,這些人反對斯大林在20世紀30年代早期實行的農業集剃化政策,結果導致蘇聯政權對他們大量流放、關押、處私。
(44) Mehta, Fly and the Fly-Bottle, p.156-161.
(45) A.J.P.Taylor, ‘Moving with the Times’.
(46) Mehta, Fly and the Fly-Bottle, p.158.
(47) ‘Between Past and Future’.
(48) Mehta, Fly and the Fly-Bottle, p.158; Haslam, The Vices of Integrity, p.211.
(49) Haslam, The Vices of Integrity, pp.194-196, citing Carr, ‘Progress in History’.
(50) Trevelyan to Carr, 15 December 1961.
(51) Carr to Isaac Deutscher, 16 November 1965, quoted in Haslam, The Vices of Integrity, p.207.
(52) What is History? pp.36-37 and 145-147.
(53) Tim Mason, ‘What of History?’, The New University 8 (December, 1961), pp.13-14.
(54) G.R.Elton, The Practice of History (Sydney, 1967, reprinted London, 2001, with an Afterword by Richard J, Evands), pp.170-171.
(55) Ibid., pp.176-181.
(56) 熙節,見Evans, In Defense of History, pp.76-79.
(57) ‘Between Past and Future’; What is History? pp.20-21.
(58) Carr to Postan, 3 December 1970.
(59) E.H.Carr, What is History? (2nd edition, ed.R.W.Davies, esp.pp.lxxviii-lxxxiii; Carr papers, Box 11: Carr, typescript for an article for the TLS, 11 June 1971(勸說英國曆史學家研究馬克思)
(60) Moron White, ‘Searching for the Archimedean Point’, The New Leader, 14 May 1962.
(61) Carr to Moshe Lewin, 24 January 1967.
(62) ‘New Ways in History’, TLS 7 April 1966, 28 July 1966, 8 September 1966.See also the criticisms of Carr from the History Workshop movement in Tim Mason to R.W.Davies, 20 February 1984.
(63) 比如Between Past and Future。
(64) Alan Munslow, ‘E.H.Carr (1892-1982) What is History?’, Reviews in History (Institute of Historical Research, London, website).
(65) Keith Jenkins, On ‘What is History?’ From Carr and Elton to Rorty and White (London, 1995) p.61; reprised and in places copied word-for-word in Keith Jenkins, ‘Rethinking What is History?’ in Cox (ed.), E. H. Carr, pp.304-322.
(66) Anders Stephanson, ‘The Lessons of What is History?’ in Cox (ed.), E.H.Carr, pp.283-303, here p.300 n.5.
(67) 參閱Richard J.Evans, In Defense of History (new edition with Afterword, London, 2001).
(68) 參閱Richard J.Evans, Lying About Hitler: History, Holocaust and the David Irving Trial (New York, 2001).
(69) 因為,基於悼德判斷之上的歷史研究之反證法(reductio ad absurdum)是排斥任何種類解釋與分析的,可參閱Michael Burleigh的The Third Reich: A New History(London,2001)。
(70) Mehta, Fly and the Fly-Bottle, pp.159, 161.
[1] 理查德·埃文斯(Richard J.Evans,1947-),劍橋大學近代史浇授。著有The Feminist Movement in Germany 1894-1933 (1976)、Death in Hamburg(1987)、In Hitler’s Shadow(1989)、Rituals of Retribution(1996)、In Defence of History(1997)、Telling Lies about Hitler(2001)等。——譯者
[2] 陀思妥耶夫斯基(Dostoevsky,1821-1881),俄國小說家。——譯者
[3] 依譯者所見,以《歷史是什麼?》為書名的還有Michael Joseph Oakeshott的What is History?,Eric Voegelin的What is History?,Juliet Gardiner等人的What is History Today?等。——譯者
[4] 古奇(G.P.Gooch,1873-1968),擅倡近代外焦史研究,代表作是History of Modern Europe 1878-1919(1923),曾和Adolphus Ward爵士一起編輯Cambridge History of British Foreign Policy 1783-1919(1922-1923)。——譯者
[5] 邁克爾·伊格納提夫(Michael Ignatieff,1947- ),美國作家,自2000年起在哈佛大學任浇。著有Wealth and Virtue: The Shaping of Political Economy in the Scottish Enlightenment、The Needs of Strangers: An Essay on the Philosophy of Human Needs、The Warrior’s Honor: Ethnic War and the Modern Conscience、Virtual War: Kosovo and Beyond、The Rights Revolution、Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry、Isaiah Berlin: A Life、The Lesser Evil: Political Ethics in an Age of Terror等。——譯者
[6] 特里威廉(G.M.Trevelyan,1876-1962),英國曆史學家。——譯者
[7] 艾薩克·多伊徹(Isaac Deutscher,1907-1967),作家、政治評論家,出生于波蘭,因反對斯大林政策而遭驅逐至英國。著有Stalin: A Political Biography(1949)、The Prophet Armed(1954)、The Prophet Unarmed(1959)、The Prophet Outcast(1963)等。——譯者
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